This page was last updated on 9th March 2020 Dangerous goods, (often called hazardous materials in the USA), may be pure chemicals, mixtures of substances, manufactured products or articles which can pose a risk to people, animals or the environment if not properly handled in use or in transport. Show Dangerous in UseMany products which we encounter on a daily basis can be hazardous to our health if we come into contact with them too often or for too long. The packaging of substances such as household cleaning fluids and gardening products will often carry what are known as Risk and Safety phrases together with one or more small square orange symbols which describe the nature of the hazard and the actions that should be taken if the substance is accidentally spilled or swallowed. The Chemicals (Hazard Information and Packaging for Supply) Regulations, known as CHIP, require suppliers to provide this information to their customers. Symbols which might be applied to retail packaging are:  These symbols only relate to the hazards in use of the product and do not automatically mean that it is dangerous in transport. However, it must not be assumed that all substances which are packed in small or retail packaging are not subject to the transport regulations, since the classification criteria are different. Dangerous in TransportSubstances and materials which are dangerous for transport range from those which present obvious risks, such as explosives and fuming acids, through to more frequently encountered products such as paints, solvents and pesticides. The transport of dangerous goods is regulated in order to prevent, as far as possible, accidents involving people or property, damage to the environment, to the means of transport employed or to other goods being transported. Each mode of transport, (air, sea, road, rail and inland waterway) has its own regulations but they are now largely harmonized with the Model Regulations, published by United Nations Economic and Social Council’s Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods. The UN Model Regulations use a classification system in which each dangerous substance or article is assigned to a CLASS, depending on the nature of the danger it presents. There are 9 Classes, some of which are sub-divided: Class 1 – ExplosivesClass 2 – GasesDivision 2.1 Flammable gas Division 2.2 Non-flammable non toxic gas Division 2.3 Toxic gas Class 3 – Flammable liquidsClass 4 – Other flammablesDivision 4.1 Flammable solids Division 4.2 Substances liable to spontaneous combustion Division 4.3 Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases Class 5Division 5.1 Oxidising agents Class 6Division 6.1 Toxic substances Class 7 – Radioactive materialsClass 8 – CorrosivesClass 9 – MiscellaneousClass 9 includes items such as asbestos, automotive airbags, lithium batteries and environmentally hazardous substances which don’t fit into any of the other 8 classes. Whilst the CLASS defines the type of danger which a substance presents, a second classification, called the PACKING GROUP (PG) defines just how dangerous it is. There are three Packing Groups; PG I is the most dangerous, PG II represents a moderate danger and PG III is the least dangerous. Packing Groups are always written in Roman numerals to differentiate them from the Class numbers. It is possible for a substance to appear in more than one Packing Group, depending on its concentration. For example, concentrated sulphuric acid is Class 8, PG II. A mild solution of the same acid, which might be marketed as a domestic drain cleaner, is still allocated to Class 8, but because of its lesser corrosivity could be PG III.
Dangerous goods are substances and articles that have explosive, flammable, toxic, infectious or corrosive properties. They pose a risk to public safety, property or the environment. Dangerous goods classes, divisions and packing groupsDangerous goods substances and articles are allocated to one of 9 classes. Some of these classes are subdivided into divisions: Class 1: Explosives
Class 2: Gases
Class 3: Flammable liquids Class 4: Flammable solids; substances liable to spontaneous combustion; substances which, on contact with water, emit flammable gases
Class 5: Oxidizing substances and organic peroxides
Class 6: Toxic and infectious substances
Class 7: Radioactive material Class 8: Corrosive substances Class 9: Miscellaneous dangerous substances and articles. Some dangerous goods fall into one of 3 packing groups depending on the degree of danger they present to people and equipment:
The Australian Dangerous Goods Code provides more information about the classifications and divisions of dangerous goods, and if they are assigned to a packing group. Placards and UN numbersEach dangerous goods class is represented by a placard - a distinctive and specific class label in the shape of a diamond. For example: Depending on its properties, each type of dangerous goods is assigned a number known as its UN number*; for example, petrol is UN 1203. The UN number can be found on the label, transport document or safety data sheet. Otherwise the manufacturer or supplier of the goods can tell you this. You can also check if the goods are listed in the Australian Dangerous Goods Code. *The United Nations number (UN number) is a 4-digit numbering system developed by the United Nations Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods for the quick identification of dangerous goods. Interstate contactsContact an interstate competent authority for information on dangerous goods regulations, licensing and classifications outside of Queensland. |
What is dangerous goods
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