Peranan TNI dalam sistem pertahanan dan keamanan rakyat semesta adalah

sPertahanan dan keamanan negara merupakan faktor yang sangat hakiki dalam menjamin kelangsungan hidup negara, tanpa mampu mempertahankan diri terhadap ancaman dari luar dan dalam negeri suatu negara tidak akan dapat mempertahankan keberadaannya. Pertahanan dan keamanan Negara Indonesia dalam perwujudannya tidak dapat dilepaskan dari fungsi dan peran TNI dan Polri. Pada era pasca reformasi keberadaan TNI dan Polri dipisahkan yang sebelumnya berada dalam satu wadah komando (ABRI), hal tersebut merupakan suatu upaya mewujudkan profesionalisme dalam mewujudkan pertahanan dan keamanan negara. Peran TNI dan Polri sebagai aktor dalam bidang pertahanan dan keamanan secara institusional dipisah tugas wewenang dan tanggung jawabnya, TNI membidangi pertahanan dan Polri membidangi keamanan. Ditemukannya beberapa persoalan terkait antara TNI dan Polri dalam upaya mewujudkan pertahanan dan keamanan, maka diperlu diteliti untuk pemecahannya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuwalitatif, yaitu dengan membuat analisis terhadap wacana penafsiran teks dokumen resmi hingga menghasilkan sebuah gambaran permasalahan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hubungan TNI dan Polri dalam sistem pertahanan dan keamanan dari beberapa periode mengalami perubahan. Pada era pasca reformasi ditemukan adanya berbagai macam persoalan.Terpisahnya TNI dan Polri sebagai aktor bidang pertahanan dan keamanan negara sebagaimana diatur dalam regulasi, dalam implementasinya terdapat berbagai kendala yang dapat menimbulkan terhambatnya upaya perwujudan pertahanan dan keamanan negara. Tidak terjalinnya mekanisme hubungan antara TNI dan Polri dengan baik maka menimbulkan menurunnya kapasitas dan kapabilitas masing-masing aktor dalam menjalankan tugasnya. Kelemahankelemahan dalam sistem pertahanan negara dan sistem keamanan dalam negeri baik kelemahan struktural, prosedural maupun subtansial, merupakan faktor yang dominan menurunnya kemampuan para aktor keamanan dalam mengahadapi ancaman-ancaman yang muncul membahayakan negara.Undang- undang yang terkait dalam pengaturan sistem pertahanan dan keamanan Indonesia ditemukan beberapa pasal yang menjadi penyebab persoalan. Oleh karenanya keterkaitan bidang pertahanan dan keamanan yang menjadi tugas wewenang dan tanggung jawab TNI dan Polri memerlukan pengarturan mekanisme hubungan antara TNI dan Polri. Namun demikian kejelasan mekanisme hubungan antrata TNI dan Polri belum secara rinci diatur oleh regulasi. Dalam konteks pentingnya pertahanan dan keama nan Indonesia maka perlu upaya merumuskan kejelasan mekanisme hubungan antara TNI dan Polri dalam sitem pertahanan dan keamanan.

TNI and Polri in the defense and security system are required.National defense and security are essential factors in assuring the survival of a nation. Without the ability to defend itself from threats coming from foreign and domestic sources, a nation would not be able to maintain its existence. The defense and security of the Indonesian nation are in their actua lity inseparable from the functions and roles of TNI (Tentara National Indonesia â˜the Indonesian National Armyâ) and Polri (Polisi Republik Indonesia â˜the Police of the Republic of Indonesiaâ), which represent, respectively, the armed forces and the police force of the nation. In the current postreformation era, they are separated in existence though previously they were under one command as fellow components of ABRI (Angkatan Bersenjata Republik Indonesia â˜the Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesiaâ). The separation has been made as an effort to attain professionalism in maintaining national defense and security. In their role as those who act or the actors in the field of defense and security, TNI and Polri are institutionally separated in taking care of their duty, authority, and responsibility: TNI concerns itself with the field of defense while Polri concerns itself with the field of security. Some problems have arisen in relation to TNI and Polri in their efforts to maintain defense and security and research needs to be made for their solution. The method employed in the research concerned here was descriptive and qualitative in nature. In the course of the research, a discourse analysis was made to interpret text in official documents so that the result is a description related to a research problem. The research results indicate that the relation between TNI and Polri in the nationâs defense and security system has undergone changes over some periods of time. Various problems have been found in relation to the post-reformation era. In the implementation of the regulation concerning the separation between TNI and Polri as actors in the fields of national defense and security, various constraints have arisen and they could hinder efforts to maintain na tional defense and security. The mechanism to weave a relation between TNI and Polri has not run well and it has caused a decrease in their capacity and capability in doing their job. Structural, procedural, and substantial weaknesses in the national defense system and the domestic security system are dominant factors causing the decrease in the ability of the security actors in facing the threats that arise to endanger the nation. Some chapters in the laws related to the organization of the Indonesian defe nse and security systems have been found to be the causes of problems. Since the defense and security fields are related and they are relevant to the duty, authority, and responsibility of TNI and Polri, a mechanism to establish a relation between TNI and Polri is indeed necessary. However, the mechanism relating TNI and Polri has not yet been organized in detail by regulations. Due to the importance of the Indonesian defense and security, efforts to formulate clearly the mechanism to make a relation between

Kata Kunci : TNI,Polri, Sistem pertahanan dan keamanan, Security System.