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❮ PHP Date/Time Reference

Table of Contents Show

Definition and Usage
Parameter Values
Technical Details
PHP Date/Time Introduction
Installation
Runtime Configuration
PHP Date/Time Functions
PHP Predefined Date/Time Constants

Example

Format a local date and time and return the formatted date strings:

<?php
// Prints the day
echo date("l") . "<br>";

// Prints the day, date, month, year, time, AM or PM
echo date("l jS \of F Y h:i:s A");
?>

Try it Yourself »

Definition and Usage

The date() function formats a local date and time, and returns the formatted date string.

Syntax

Parameter Values

Parameter

Description

format

Required. Specifies the format of the outputted date string. The following characters can be used:

d - The day of the month (from 01 to 31)
D - A textual representation of a day (three letters)
j - The day of the month without leading zeros (1 to 31)
l (lowercase 'L') - A full textual representation of a day
N - The ISO-8601 numeric representation of a day (1 for Monday, 7 for Sunday)
S - The English ordinal suffix for the day of the month (2 characters st, nd, rd or th. Works well with j)
w - A numeric representation of the day (0 for Sunday, 6 for Saturday)
z - The day of the year (from 0 through 365)
W - The ISO-8601 week number of year (weeks starting on Monday)
F - A full textual representation of a month (January through December)
m - A numeric representation of a month (from 01 to 12)
M - A short textual representation of a month (three letters)
n - A numeric representation of a month, without leading zeros (1 to 12)
t - The number of days in the given month
L - Whether it's a leap year (1 if it is a leap year, 0 otherwise)
o - The ISO-8601 year number
Y - A four digit representation of a year
y - A two digit representation of a year
a - Lowercase am or pm
A - Uppercase AM or PM
B - Swatch Internet time (000 to 999)
g - 12-hour format of an hour (1 to 12)
G - 24-hour format of an hour (0 to 23)
h - 12-hour format of an hour (01 to 12)
H - 24-hour format of an hour (00 to 23)
i - Minutes with leading zeros (00 to 59)
s - Seconds, with leading zeros (00 to 59)
u - Microseconds (added in PHP 5.2.2)
e - The timezone identifier (Examples: UTC, GMT, Atlantic/Azores)
I (capital i) - Whether the date is in daylights savings time (1 if Daylight Savings Time, 0 otherwise)
O - Difference to Greenwich time (GMT) in hours (Example: +0100)
P - Difference to Greenwich time (GMT) in hours:minutes (added in PHP 5.1.3)
T - Timezone abbreviations (Examples: EST, MDT)
Z - Timezone offset in seconds. The offset for timezones west of UTC is negative (-43200 to 50400)
c - The ISO-8601 date (e.g. 2013-05-05T16:34:42+00:00)
r - The RFC 2822 formatted date (e.g. Fri, 12 Apr 2013 12:01:05 +0200)
U - The seconds since the Unix Epoch (January 1 1970 00:00:00 GMT)

and the following predefined constants can also be used (available since PHP 5.1.0):

DATE_ATOM - Atom (example: 2013-04-12T15:52:01+00:00)
DATE_COOKIE - HTTP Cookies (example: Friday, 12-Apr-13 15:52:01 UTC)
DATE_ISO8601 - ISO-8601 (example: 2013-04-12T15:52:01+0000)
DATE_RFC822 - RFC 822 (example: Fri, 12 Apr 13 15:52:01 +0000)
DATE_RFC850 - RFC 850 (example: Friday, 12-Apr-13 15:52:01 UTC)
DATE_RFC1036 - RFC 1036 (example: Fri, 12 Apr 13 15:52:01 +0000)
DATE_RFC1123 - RFC 1123 (example: Fri, 12 Apr 2013 15:52:01 +0000)
DATE_RFC2822 - RFC 2822 (Fri, 12 Apr 2013 15:52:01 +0000)
DATE_RFC3339 - Same as DATE_ATOM (since PHP 5.1.3)
DATE_RSS - RSS (Fri, 12 Aug 2013 15:52:01 +0000)
DATE_W3C - World Wide Web Consortium (example: 2013-04-12T15:52:01+00:00)

timestamp

Optional. Specifies an integer Unix timestamp. Default is the current local time (time())

Technical Details

Return Value:	Returns a formatted date string on success. FALSE on failure + an E_WARNING
PHP Version:	4+
Changelog:	PHP 5.1.0: Added E_STRICT and E_NOTICE time zone errors. Valid range of timestamp is now from Fri, 13 Dec 1901 20:45:54 GMT to Tue, 19 Jan 2038 03:14:07 GMT. Before version 5.1.0 timestamp was limited from 01-01-1970 to 19-01-2038 on some systems (e.g. Windows). PHP 5.1.1: Added constants of standard date/time formats that can be used to specify the format parameter

❮ PHP Date/Time Reference

PHP Date/Time Introduction

The date/time functions allow you to get the date and time from the server where your PHP script runs. You can then use the date/time functions to format the date and time in several ways.

Note: These functions depend on the locale settings of your server. Remember to take daylight saving time and leap years into consideration when working with these functions.

Installation

The PHP date/time functions are part of the PHP core. No installation is required to use these functions.

Runtime Configuration

The behavior of these functions is affected by settings in php.ini:

Name	Description	Default	PHP Version
date.timezone	The default timezone (used by all date/time functions)	""	PHP 5.1
date.default_latitude	The default latitude (used by date_sunrise() and date_sunset())	"31.7667"	PHP 5.0
date.default_longitude	The default longitude (used by date_sunrise() and date_sunset())	"35.2333"	PHP 5.0
date.sunrise_zenith	The default sunrise zenith (used by date_sunrise() and date_sunset())	"90.83"	PHP 5.0
date.sunset_zenith	The default sunset zenith (used by date_sunrise() and date_sunset())	"90.83"	PHP 5.0

PHP Date/Time Functions

Function	Description
checkdate()	Validates a Gregorian date
date_add()	Adds days, months, years, hours, minutes, and seconds to a date
date_create_from_format()	Returns a new DateTime object formatted according to a specified format
date_create()	Returns a new DateTime object
date_date_set()	Sets a new date
date_default_timezone_get()	Returns the default timezone used by all date/time functions
date_default_timezone_set()	Sets the default timezone used by all date/time functions
date_diff()	Returns the difference between two dates
date_format()	Returns a date formatted according to a specified format
date_get_last_errors()	Returns the warnings/errors found in a date string
date_interval_create_from_date_string()	Sets up a DateInterval from the relative parts of the string
date_interval_format()	Formats the interval
date_isodate_set()	Sets the ISO date
date_modify()	Modifies the timestamp
date_offset_get()	Returns the timezone offset
date_parse_from_format()	Returns an associative array with detailed info about a specified date, according to a specified format
date_parse()	Returns an associative array with detailed info about a specified date
date_sub()	Subtracts days, months, years, hours, minutes, and seconds from a date
date_sun_info()	Returns an array containing info about sunset/sunrise and twilight begin/end, for a specified day and location
date_sunrise()	Returns the sunrise time for a specified day and location
date_sunset()	Returns the sunset time for a specified day and location
date_time_set()	Sets the time
date_timestamp_get()	Returns the Unix timestamp
date_timestamp_set()	Sets the date and time based on a Unix timestamp
date_timezone_get()	Returns the time zone of the given DateTime object
date_timezone_set()	Sets the time zone for the DateTime object
date()	Formats a local date and time
getdate()	Returns date/time information of a timestamp or the current local date/time
gettimeofday()	Returns the current time
gmdate()	Formats a GMT/UTC date and time
gmmktime()	Returns the Unix timestamp for a GMT date
gmstrftime()	Formats a GMT/UTC date and time according to locale settings
idate()	Formats a local time/date as integer
localtime()	Returns the local time
microtime()	Returns the current Unix timestamp with microseconds
mktime()	Returns the Unix timestamp for a date
strftime()	Formats a local time and/or date according to locale settings
strptime()	Parses a time/date generated with strftime()
strtotime()	Parses an English textual datetime into a Unix timestamp
time()	Returns the current time as a Unix timestamp
timezone_abbreviations_list()	Returns an associative array containing dst, offset, and the timezone name
timezone_identifiers_list()	Returns an indexed array with all timezone identifiers
timezone_location_get()	Returns location information for a specified timezone
timezone_name_from_ abbr()	Returns the timezone name from abbreviation
timezone_name_get()	Returns the name of the timezone
timezone_offset_get()	Returns the timezone offset from GMT
timezone_open()	Creates new DateTimeZone object
timezone_transitions_get()	Returns all transitions for the timezone
timezone_version_get()	Returns the version of the timezonedb

PHP Predefined Date/Time Constants

Constant	Description
DATE_ATOM	Atom (example: 2019-01-18T14:13:03+00:00)
DATE_COOKIE	HTTP Cookies (example: Fri, 18 Jan 2019 14:13:03 UTC)
DATE_ISO8601	ISO-8601 (example: 2019-01-18T14:13:03+0000)
DATE_RFC822	RFC 822 (example: Fri, 18 Jan 2019 14:13:03 +0000)
DATE_RFC850	RFC 850 (example: Friday, 18-Jan-19 14:13:03 UTC)
DATE_RFC1036	RFC 1036 (example: Friday, 18-Jan-19 14:13:03 +0000)
DATE_RFC1123	RFC 1123 (example: Fri, 18 Jan 2019 14:13:03 +0000)
DATE_RFC2822	RFC 2822 (example: Fri, 18 Jan 2019 14:13:03 +0000)
DATE_RFC3339	Same as DATE_ATOM (since PHP 5.1.3)
DATE_RFC3339_EXTENDED	RFC3339 Extended format (since PHP 7.0.0) (example: 2019-01-18T16:34:01.000+00:00)
DATE_RSS	RSS (Fri, 18 Jan 2019 14:13:03 +0000)
DATE_W3C	World Wide Web Consortium (example: 2019-01-18T14:13:03+00:00)
SUNFUNCS_RET_TIMESTAMP	Timestamp (since PHP 5.1.2)
SUNFUNCS_RET_STRING	Hours:minutes (example: 09:41) (since PHP 5.1.2)
SUNFUNCS_RET_DOUBLE	Hours as a floating point number (example: 9.75) (since PHP 5.1.2)