Google sheets lolos dari kutipan tunggal

Pernyataan Google Standard SQL terdiri dari serangkaian token. Token termasuk pengidentifikasi, pengidentifikasi kutipan, literal, kata kunci, operator, dan karakter khusus. Anda dapat memisahkan token dengan komentar atau spasi seperti spasi, backspace, tab, atau baris baru

Pengidentifikasi

Pengidentifikasi adalah nama yang terkait dengan kolom, tabel, ekspresi jalur, dan lainnya. Mereka bisa atau dan beberapa

Pengidentifikasi yang tidak dikutip

• Harus dimulai dengan huruf atau karakter garis bawah (_).
• Karakter selanjutnya dapat berupa huruf, angka, garis bawah (_), dan tanda hubung, tetapi aturan tambahan berlaku untuk tanda hubung (lihat aturan berikutnya)

• Tanda pisah tunggal dapat digunakan dengan sebagian besar tanda kutip, tetapi tidak di awal atau akhir

  Saat Anda menggunakan tanda hubung dalam pengenal tanpa tanda kutip, Anda pada dasarnya menggabungkan pengenal tanpa tanda kutip dengan satu atau lebih pengenal dan angka tanpa tanda kutip. Saat menggunakan tanda hubung, umumnya Anda harus mengikuti struktur ini

  unquoted_identifier[-{ unquoted_identifier | number }][...]
  

  Misalnya.

  -- Valid table path.
  myproject287.mydatabase.mytable
  

  3,

  -- Valid table path.
  myproject287.mydatabase.mytable
  

  4,

  -- Valid table path.
  myproject287.mydatabase.mytable
  

  5

  Tanda hubung tidak dapat digunakan dalam nama bidang

Pengidentifikasi yang dikutip

• Harus diapit oleh karakter backtick (`).
• Dapat berisi karakter apa pun, termasuk spasi dan simbol
• Tidak boleh kosong
• Memiliki urutan pelarian yang sama dengan
• Jika pengidentifikasi sama dengan a , pengidentifikasi harus dikutip. Misalnya, pengidentifikasi

  -- Valid table path.
  myproject287.mydatabase.mytable
  

  6 harus dikutip. Aturan tambahan berlaku untuk

Contoh pengenal

Contoh ekspresi jalur

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Contoh fungsi

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Contoh operasi akses array

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in an array called items.
items[OFFSET(3)].dataField

Contoh parameter kueri bernama

-- Valid. param and dataField are valid identifiers.
@param.dataField

Contoh nama tabel

-- Valid table path.
myproject.mydatabase.mytable287

-- Valid table path.
myproject287.mydatabase.mytable

-- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
287myproject.mydatabase.mytable

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Ekspresi jalur

Ekspresi jalur menjelaskan cara menavigasi ke objek dalam grafik objek dan umumnya mengikuti struktur ini

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

• -- Valid table path.
  myproject287.mydatabase.mytable
  

  _7. Grafik dari satu atau lebih objek

• -- Valid table path.
  myproject287.mydatabase.mytable
  

  _8. Objek dalam grafik objek

• -- Valid table path.
  myproject287.mydatabase.mytable
  

  _9. Ekspresi jalur dapat dimulai dengan pengidentifikasi yang dikutip atau tidak dikutip. Jika ekspresi jalur dimulai dengan a , itu harus berupa pengidentifikasi yang dikutip

• -- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
  287myproject.mydatabase.mytable
  

  _0. Bagian selanjutnya dari ekspresi jalur dapat menyertakan non-identifier, seperti kata kunci yang dicadangkan. Jika bagian selanjutnya dari ekspresi jalur dimulai dengan a , itu mungkin dikutip atau tidak dikutip

Contoh

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Nama tabel

Nama tabel mewakili nama tabel

Nama tabel dapat berupa pengidentifikasi yang dikutip atau pengidentifikasi yang tidak dikutip. Jika tidak dikutip

• Dukungan pengidentifikasi tanpa tanda kutip saat dirujuk dalam klausa

  -- Valid table path.
  myproject287.mydatabase.mytable
  

  6 atau

  -- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
  287myproject.mydatabase.mytable
  

  2. Hanya pengidentifikasi pertama di jalur tabel (ID project atau nama tabel) yang boleh memiliki tanda hubung. Tanda hubung tidak didukung dalam kumpulan data

Nama tabel bisa berupa yang menyertakan hingga tiga pengidentifikasi yang dikutip atau tidak dikutip

• Sebuah opsional
• Sebuah opsional
• Nama tabel wajib

Misalnya.

-- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
287myproject.mydatabase.mytable

Nama tabel dapat berupa ekspresi jalur

Contoh

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Nama kolom

Nama kolom mewakili nama kolom dalam tabel

• Nama kolom dapat berupa pengidentifikasi yang dikutip atau pengidentifikasi yang tidak dikutip
• Jika tidak dikutip, pengidentifikasi mendukung pengidentifikasi putus-putus saat dirujuk dalam klausa

  -- Valid table path.
  myproject287.mydatabase.mytable
  

  6 atau

  -- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
  287myproject.mydatabase.mytable
  

  2
• Nama kolom memiliki

Contoh

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Literal

Literal mewakili nilai konstan dari tipe data bawaan. Beberapa, tetapi tidak semua, tipe data dapat diekspresikan sebagai literal

String dan byte literal

Literal string mewakili nilai konstanta dari. Literal byte mewakili nilai konstan dari

Literal string dan byte harus dikutip, baik dengan tanda kutip tunggal (

-- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
287myproject.mydatabase.mytable

-- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
287myproject.mydatabase.mytable

-- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
287myproject.mydatabase.mytable

-- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
287myproject.mydatabase.mytable

Format untuk literal yang dikutip

Tabel berikut mencantumkan semua cara Anda dapat memformat literal yang dikutip

• -- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
  -- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
  -- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
  mytable-287a
  

  0

• -- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
  -- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
  -- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
  mytable-287a
  

  1

• -- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
  -- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
  -- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
  mytable-287a
  

  2

• -- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
  -- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
  -- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
  mytable-287a
  

  3

-- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
287myproject.mydatabase.mytable

-- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
287myproject.mydatabase.mytable

-- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
-- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
-- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
mytable-287a

-- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
-- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
-- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
mytable-287a

• -- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
  -- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
  -- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
  mytable-287a
  

  8

• -- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
  -- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
  -- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
  mytable-287a
  

  _9

• -- Valid table path.
  my-project.mydataset.mytable
  

  0

• -- Valid table path.
  my-project.mydataset.mytable
  

  1

• -- Valid table path.
  my-project.mydataset.mytable
  

  2

-- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
-- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
-- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
mytable-287a

-- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
-- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
-- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
mytable-287a

• -- Valid table path.
  my-project.mydataset.mytable
  

  5

• -- Valid table path.
  my-project.mydataset.mytable
  

  6

• -- Valid table path.
  my-project.mydataset.mytable
  

  7

• -- Valid table path.
  my-project.mydataset.mytable
  

  8

-- Valid table path.
my-project.mydataset.mytable

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
-- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
-- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
mytable-287a

• -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  _02

• -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  _03

• -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  _04

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

• -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  _07

• -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  _08

• -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  _09

-- Valid table path.
my-project.mydataset.mytable

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Escape sequence untuk literal string dan byte

Tabel berikut mencantumkan semua escape sequence yang valid untuk merepresentasikan karakter non-alfanumerik dalam literal string dan byte. Urutan apa pun yang tidak ada dalam tabel ini menghasilkan kesalahan

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Invalid table name. The table name is unquoted and is not a valid
-- dashed identifier, as the part after the dash is neither a number nor
-- an identifier starting with a letter or an underscore.
mytable-287a

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
287myproject.mydatabase.mytable

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Invalid table path. The project name starts with a number and is unquoted.
287myproject.mydatabase.mytable

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

• -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  35 ==

  -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  36

• -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  37 adalah

  -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  38

• -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  39 adalah kesalahan

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Literal bilangan bulat

Literal bilangan bulat adalah urutan angka desimal (0–9) atau nilai heksadesimal yang diawali dengan "

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Literal bilangan bulat ditafsirkan sebagai

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Literal bilangan bulat mewakili nilai konstan dari

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers. _5abc.dataField -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers. `5abc`.dataField -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore. 5abc.dataField -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers. abc5.dataField -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore. abc5!.dataField -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers. `GROUP`.dataField -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a -- stand-alone reserved keyword. GROUP.dataField -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers. abc5.GROUP 47 literal

Anda dapat membuat

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Contoh

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

A

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers. _5abc.dataField -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers. `5abc`.dataField -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore. 5abc.dataField -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers. abc5.dataField -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore. abc5!.dataField -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers. `GROUP`.dataField -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a -- stand-alone reserved keyword. GROUP.dataField -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers. abc5.GROUP 52 literal

Anda dapat membuat

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Contoh

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

A

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Literal floating point

Opsi sintaks

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Contoh

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Literal numerik yang mengandung titik desimal atau penanda eksponen dianggap bertipe ganda

Pemaksaan implisit dari literal floating point ke tipe float dimungkinkan jika nilainya berada dalam kisaran float yang valid

Tidak ada representasi literal dari NaN atau infinity, tetapi string case-insensitive berikut dapat secara eksplisit dilemparkan ke float

• "NaN"
• "inf" atau "+inf"
• "-inf"

Literal floating-point mewakili nilai konstan dari

Array literal

Literal array adalah daftar elemen yang dipisahkan koma yang diapit tanda kurung siku. Kata kunci

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Contoh

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Literal array mewakili nilai konstanta dari

Struktur literal

Sebuah struct literal adalah sebuah struct yang bidangnya semuanya literal. Literal struktural dapat ditulis menggunakan salah satu sintaks untuk (sintaks Tuple, sintaks struct tanpa tipe, atau sintaks struct yang diketik)

Perhatikan bahwa sintaks tuple memerlukan setidaknya dua bidang, untuk membedakannya dari ekspresi kurung biasa. Untuk menulis struct literal dengan satu bidang, gunakan sintaks struct tanpa tipe atau sintaks struct yang diketik

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Literal struct mewakili nilai konstanta dari

Literal tanggal

Sintaksis

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Literal tanggal berisi kata kunci

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Misalnya, literal tanggal berikut menunjukkan 27 September 2014

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Literal string dalam format tanggal kanonis juga secara implisit memaksa tipe DATE saat digunakan di mana ekspresi tipe DATE diharapkan. Misalnya, dalam kueri

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

string literal

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Tanggal literal mewakili nilai konstan dari

Literal waktu

Sintaksis

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Literal waktu berisi kata kunci

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Misalnya, waktu berikut mewakili 12. 30 hal. m

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Literal waktu merepresentasikan nilai konstan dari

Literal datetime

Sintaksis

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Literal datetime berisi kata kunci

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Misalnya, datetime berikut mewakili 12. 30 hal. m. pada tanggal 27 September 2014

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Literal datetime mendukung rentang antara tahun 1 dan 9999, inklusif. Tanggal dan waktu di luar rentang ini tidak valid

Literal string dengan format datetime kanonis secara implisit memaksa literal datetime saat digunakan di mana ekspresi datetime diharapkan

Misalnya

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in an array called items.
items[OFFSET(3)].dataField

Dalam kueri di atas, string literal

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Literal datetime juga dapat menyertakan karakter opsional

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in an array called items.
items[OFFSET(3)].dataField

Sebuah literal datetime mewakili nilai konstan dari

Literal stempel waktu

Sintaksis

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in an array called items.
items[OFFSET(3)].dataField

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in an array called items.
items[OFFSET(3)].dataField

Literal stempel waktu berisi kata kunci

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Literal stempel waktu mendukung rentang antara tahun 1 dan 9999, inklusif. Stempel waktu di luar rentang ini tidak valid

Literal stempel waktu dapat menyertakan sufiks numerik untuk menunjukkan zona waktu

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in an array called items.
items[OFFSET(3)].dataField

Jika akhiran ini tidak ada, zona waktu default, UTC, akan digunakan

Misalnya, stempel waktu berikut mewakili 12. 30 hal. m. pada 27 September 2014 di zona waktu default, UTC

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in an array called items.
items[OFFSET(3)].dataField

Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang zona waktu, lihat

Literal string dengan format stempel waktu kanonis, termasuk yang memiliki nama zona waktu, secara implisit memaksa literal stempel waktu saat digunakan di mana ekspresi stempel waktu diharapkan. Misalnya, dalam kueri berikut, string literal

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in an array called items.
items[OFFSET(3)].dataField

Literal stempel waktu dapat menyertakan karakter opsional ini

• -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  77 atau

  -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  78. Sebuah bendera untuk waktu. Gunakan sebagai pemisah antara tanggal dan waktu

• -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  83 atau

  -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  84. Bendera untuk zona waktu default. Ini tidak dapat digunakan dengan

  -- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
  _5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `5abc`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
  -- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
  5abc.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
  abc5.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
  -- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
  abc5!.dataField
  
  -- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
  `GROUP`.dataField
  
  -- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
  -- stand-alone reserved keyword.
  GROUP.dataField
  
  -- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
  abc5.GROUP
  

  85

Jika Anda menggunakan salah satu karakter ini, spasi tidak dapat dimasukkan sebelum atau sesudahnya. Ini valid

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in an array called items.
items[OFFSET(3)].dataField

Literal timestamp merepresentasikan nilai konstan dari

Zona waktu

Karena literal stempel waktu harus dipetakan ke titik waktu tertentu, zona waktu diperlukan untuk menginterpretasikan literal dengan benar. Jika zona waktu tidak ditentukan sebagai bagian dari literal itu sendiri, maka Google Standard SQL menggunakan nilai zona waktu default, yang ditetapkan oleh implementasi Google Standard SQL

Google Standard SQL merepresentasikan zona waktu menggunakan string dalam format kanonis berikut, yang merepresentasikan offset dari Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)

Format

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in an array called items.
items[OFFSET(3)].dataField

Contoh

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in an array called items.
items[OFFSET(3)].dataField

Zona waktu juga dapat diekspresikan menggunakan string nama zona waktu dari database tz. Untuk referensi yang kurang komprehensif namun lebih sederhana, lihat Daftar zona waktu basis data tz di Wikipedia. Nama zona waktu kanonis memiliki format

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Contoh

-- Valid. param and dataField are valid identifiers.
@param.dataField

Literal interval

Interval literal mewakili nilai konstan dari. Ada dua jenis literal interval

Literal interval dapat digunakan langsung di dalam pernyataan

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Interval literal dengan satu bagian datetime

Sintaksis

-- Valid. param and dataField are valid identifiers.
@param.dataField

Sintaks bagian datetime tunggal mencakup ekspresi

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. param and dataField are valid identifiers.
@param.dataField

Ketika tanda negatif mendahului bagian tahun atau bulan dalam interval literal, tanda negatif menyebar selama tahun dan bulan. Atau, ketika tanda negatif mendahului bagian waktu dalam literal interval, tanda negatif menyebar ke jam, menit, dan detik. Misalnya

-- Valid. param and dataField are valid identifiers.
@param.dataField

Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang cara membuat interval dengan satu bagian datetime, lihat

Interval literal dengan rentang bagian waktu-waktu

Sintaksis

-- Valid. param and dataField are valid identifiers.
@param.dataField

Sintaks bagian range datetime mencakup a , a , dan an

Misalnya

-- Valid. param and dataField are valid identifiers.
@param.dataField

Ketika tanda negatif mendahului bagian tahun atau bulan dalam interval literal, tanda negatif menyebar selama tahun dan bulan. Atau, ketika tanda negatif mendahului bagian waktu dalam literal interval, tanda negatif menyebar ke jam, menit, dan detik. Misalnya

-- Valid. param and dataField are valid identifiers.
@param.dataField

Untuk informasi selengkapnya tentang cara membuat interval dengan rentang waktu bagian tanggal, lihat

literal JSON

Sintaksis

-- Valid. param and dataField are valid identifiers.
@param.dataField

Literal JSON mewakili data berformat JSON

Contoh

-- Valid. param and dataField are valid identifiers.
@param.dataField

Literal JSON mewakili nilai konstanta dari

Sensitivitas kasus

Google Standard SQL mengikuti aturan ini untuk sensitivitas huruf besar-kecil

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Kata kunci yang dipesan

Kata kunci adalah sekelompok token yang memiliki arti khusus dalam bahasa Google Standard SQL, dan memiliki karakteristik sebagai berikut

• Kata kunci tidak dapat digunakan sebagai pengidentifikasi kecuali diapit oleh karakter backtick (`).
• Kata kunci tidak peka huruf besar/kecil

Google Standard SQL memiliki kata kunci yang dicadangkan berikut

Mengakhiri titik koma

Secara opsional, Anda dapat menggunakan titik koma penghentian (

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Dalam permintaan yang berisi banyak pernyataan, Anda harus memisahkan pernyataan dengan titik koma, tetapi titik koma biasanya opsional setelah pernyataan terakhir. Beberapa alat interaktif memerlukan pernyataan untuk mengakhiri titik koma

Tanda koma

Secara opsional, Anda dapat menggunakan tanda koma (

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Contoh

-- Valid. param and dataField are valid identifiers.
@param.dataField

Parameter kueri

Anda dapat menggunakan parameter kueri untuk mengganti ekspresi arbitrer. Namun, parameter kueri tidak dapat digunakan untuk mengganti pengidentifikasi, nama kolom, nama tabel, atau bagian lain dari kueri itu sendiri. Parameter kueri ditentukan di luar pernyataan kueri

API Klien memungkinkan pengikatan nama parameter ke nilai;

Parameter kueri tidak dapat digunakan dalam isi SQL dari pernyataan ini.

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Parameter kueri bernama

Sintaksis

-- Valid table path.
myproject.mydatabase.mytable287

Parameter kueri bernama dilambangkan menggunakan karakter yang didahului oleh

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Parameter kueri bernama dapat dimulai dengan pengidentifikasi atau kata kunci yang dicadangkan. Pengidentifikasi dapat dikutip atau dikutip

Contoh

Contoh ini mengembalikan semua baris di mana

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

-- Valid table path.
myproject.mydatabase.mytable287

Parameter kueri posisi

Parameter kueri posisi dilambangkan menggunakan

-- Valid. _5abc and dataField are valid identifiers.
_5abc.dataField

-- Valid. `5abc` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`5abc`.dataField

-- Invalid. 5abc is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and starts
-- with a number rather than a letter or underscore.
5abc.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and dataField are valid identifiers.
abc5.dataField

-- Invalid. abc5! is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and contains
-- a character that is not a letter, number, or underscore.
abc5!.dataField

-- Valid. `GROUP` and dataField are valid identifiers.
`GROUP`.dataField

-- Invalid. GROUP is an invalid identifier because it is unquoted and is a
-- stand-alone reserved keyword.
GROUP.dataField

-- Valid. abc5 and GROUP are valid identifiers.
abc5.GROUP

Contoh

Kueri ini mengembalikan semua baris di mana

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

-- Valid table path.
myproject.mydatabase.mytable287

Komentar

Komentar adalah urutan karakter yang diabaikan parser. Google Standard SQL mendukung jenis komentar berikut

Komentar baris tunggal

Gunakan komentar satu baris jika Anda ingin komentar muncul di satu baris dengan sendirinya

Contoh

-- Valid table path.
myproject.mydatabase.mytable287

-- Valid table path.
myproject.mydatabase.mytable287

-- Valid table path.
myproject.mydatabase.mytable287

-- Valid table path.
myproject.mydatabase.mytable287

Komentar sebaris

Gunakan komentar sebaris jika Anda ingin komentar muncul di baris yang sama dengan pernyataan. Komentar yang diawali dengan

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

-- Valid. dataField is a valid identifier in a function called foo().
foo().dataField

Contoh

-- Valid table path.
myproject.mydatabase.mytable287

-- Valid table path.
myproject.mydatabase.mytable287

-- Valid table path.
myproject.mydatabase.mytable287

-- Valid table path.
myproject287.mydatabase.mytable

Komentar multi baris

Gunakan komentar multibaris jika Anda membutuhkan komentar untuk menjangkau beberapa baris. Komentar multibaris bersarang tidak didukung

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